What Is The Difference Between RAM & ROM
Today's Topic Is "What Is The Difference Between RAM & ROM ?"
Understanding RAM and ROM in Computers:-
RAM: Volatile Memory for Active Tasks
RAM (Random Access Memory) serves as the volatile memory in your computer system, acting as temporary storage for actively used files. When you're working on your computer, RAM holds this data temporarily. However, it's essential to note that when you restart or shut down your computer, the information stored in RAM is erased. This erasure happens because RAM relies on electrical charges.
How RAM Functions: Each time you access files or information, they're fetched from the computer's storage disk or the internet and temporarily stored in RAM. This rapid accessibility enables instant data retrieval when switching between programs or pages. Volatile memory is designed to be easily modifiable, upgraded, or expanded by users.
ROM: Non-Volatile Memory for Permanent Instructions
ROM (Read-Only Memory), in contrast, is non-volatile memory where information remains permanently stored on the chip. Unlike RAM, ROM doesn’t rely on an electric current to retain data. Instead, data is written to individual cells using binary code.
Functionality of ROM: ROM holds crucial instructions, such as the initial boot-up software or firmware necessary for device functionality, like printers. Even when you turn off the computer, ROM remains unaffected as it retains its stored information. Non-volatile memory, unlike RAM, cannot be altered by users.
Comparison Between RAM and ROM:-
| Area | RAM | ROM |
|---|---|---|
| Full Form | Random Access Memory | Read Only Memory |
| Definition | Primary memory storing data & instructions currently in use by CPU | Stores computer instructions & programs not requiring future alterations (e.g., BIOS) |
| Nature | Volatile memory; retains data only when power is on | Non-volatile memory; retains data even when power is off |
| Data Access | CPU can read, write, or alter data in RAM | CPU can only read data from ROM, not write or change it |
| Usage | Stores data needed for current instruction processing | Stores data essential for booting up the computer |
| Types | SRAM (Static RAM) and DRAM (Dynamic RAM) | PROM (Programmable ROM), EPROM (Erasable PROM), and EEPROM (Electrically EPROM) |
| Speed | High-speed memory | Slower compared to RAM |
| CPU Access | CPU can directly access data in RAM | Data needs to be copied from ROM to RAM for CPU access |
| Capacity | Large and high capacity | Generally smaller and of lower capacity |
| Used as | CPU Cache, Primary Memory | Firmware for microcontrollers |
| Cost | Relatively costly | Not as expensive |
